Actually, the Oort Cloud is considered to be in interstellar space. With the far edge about 3 light-years out, it’s closer to Proxima Centauri and Alpha Centauri than its is to the sun. And Alpha Centauri is a binary system of about 2 solar masses, so I’m willing to bet that the Sun doesn’t have much of an effect out…

First, the Moon is not a planet.

If you throw a ball against a wall, the wall gains as much kinetic energy as the ball loses - not that it has much effect on the wall, but it has a pretty noticeable effect on the ball due to the tremendous difference in mass between the two. Until you’re dealing with two objects with comparable mass, the effect isn’t…

As long as the reactor can output enough power for a strong-enough signal to reach Earth. The inverse square law (double this distance, quarter the strength) works against that, as does the radioactive decay of New Horizons’ reactor fuel. Basically, every day the signal requires more juice the reach Earth, and the…

Unfortunately, both Pioneers are wild cards, as their transmissions ceased to reach Earth a while back (2003 for Pioneer 10, 1996 for Pioneer 11). At this point, any estimate is basically just dead reckoning, especially since their antennas are now both permanent lisaligned for Earth transmission.

Alas, you can’t say the same for the Pioneer probes, which now lack the power to beam a signal back to Earth. The hardware’s still working, but too bad nobody’s listening.

FYI: The shuttle program started in 1972. Unless you want to discount the design and testing phase of its lifecycle.

Well, technically, Pluto was still a planet when New Horizons was launched (January, 2006). It wasn’t demoted to dwarf planet until August of that year.

Technically, the interstellar space era already began. It started once Voyager 1 exited the heliosheath (which Voyager 2 is currently navigating).

This would be so much better if you could automatically invoke it when the battery dipped below a certain level (i.e., 20%).

You should try reading Frank Miller’s The Dark Knight Returns. It’s only one of the major influences on the movie.

Well, you know that they say: the first step is always the hardest.

You know who else lobbied for that rule change, back in 2006? Peyton Manning.

I’m confused: how did a non-traveling employee (McNally) tamper with the balls used in a game in Indianapolis? The officials locker room attendant is employed by the home team.

Actually, wouldn’t the most damning piece of evidence be the footballs themselves?

Except, of course, for the experimental testing of footballs that indicated that the majority of the Pats’ game balls likely weren’t tampered with. But by all means, explain how the Pats got 8 out of 11 footballs repressurized so that they were within experimental parameters when they were measured at half-time.

Except that there is no clear evidence that there was a deliberate act. That’s the part you just keep ignoring.

Except that “probably” is not “absolutely”.

“Probably”? You “probably” would?

What the Wells Report did was to establish the presumption that Brady was likely guilty, and then selectively interpreted the evidence to back it up.