Don't forget Pillow, Mandata, and Jim Thorpe… originally called Mauch Chunk, it was renamed after Jim Thorpe, even though he never lived there and had nothing to do with it.

Clutch - about 15 times, I'd estimate.

It was German. Poussey spoke it after spending time in Germany with her military father, as seen in season 2.

I only now noticed this, having rewatched Season 4. In the episode with Anthony Bourdain, they have a brief conversation about aubergine meaning the same thing as eggplant. This is very briefly before Lana decides to get pregnant. I'm pretty sure that's where the name came from.

I'd say Clutch, but since Clutch has been around almost a full ten years longer, it's more that Mastodon was influenced by Clutch than the other way around. I'm really surprised they don't get mentioned more when talking about Mastodon.