It’s a difficult thing to define in Doctor Who but you can find our definition in the journal paper. If you can’t get through the journal paywall you can download a prepublished version here

Mike, we did a statistical comparison of the genders on all these traits, for exactly the reason you mention - because the representations of scientists were diverse, and it’s easy to get sidetracked by individuals. Our results suggest that there was little gender difference across the traits we examined, other than…